For patients with kidney failure, peritoneal dialysis is a liberating treatment option offered at PromiseCare Medical Group in Hemet, California. This method utilizes the body’s tissues to filter waste and excess fluids from the comfort of one’s own home.
Patients introduce dialysate into their abdominal cavity using a catheter, offering greater flexibility and control than hemodialysis. There are two forms of peritoneal dialysis: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD), which are customizable to fit a person’s lifestyle and medical requirements.
PromiseCare Medical Group states that this treatment choice may boost a patient’s energy, independence, and general health. To achieve the best outcomes, adequate peritoneal dialysis involves diligent management, such as routine check-ups and consistent adherence to a dialysis timetable.
Patients can experience improved health outcomes and a better quality of life with proper care and attention.
Overview
Peritoneal dialysis is a therapy for kidney failure that utilizes the body’s tissues to cleanse waste from the bloodstream. This method consists of introducing a cleansing fluid known as dialysate into the abdominal cavity via a surgically implanted catheter. The dialysate captures waste and surplus fluids from the blood and is removed after several hours.
This treatment offers greater flexibility and control over daily activities compared to hemodialysis. It can be performed at home, either manually through Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) or with the assistance of a machine through Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) while sleeping.
Both approaches facilitate efficient waste elimination and enhance overall health results. Consistent monitoring and modifications enable individuals to reap the advantages of peritoneal dialysis, such as greater autonomy and improved kidney disease management.
Types
There are two primary types of peritoneal dialysis: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD).
These types cater to different lifestyles and needs, allowing patients to choose the approach that best suits their daily routine. CAPD involves manual exchanges throughout the day, typically four to five times, each taking about 30-40 minutes. This type offers flexibility, making it ideal for individuals seeking independence in their daily routine.
APD, on the other hand, uses a machine to perform 3 to 5 exchanges overnight while the patient sleeps; this automates the process and minimizes the need for manual connections during the day.
Both CAPD and APD utilize a cleansing fluid called dialysate, which filters waste and excess fluids from the blood through the peritoneum.
The choice between these two types often depends on lifestyle preferences, medical conditions, and the patient’s ability to perform exchanges safely at home. Understanding the unique characteristics of each type allows patients to make an informed decision that suits their needs.
The flexibility of CAPD and the convenience of APD can effectively cleanse the blood and improve overall well-being.
Why it’s done
Kidney failure can be a harsh reality, leaving the body unable to filter waste, excess salt, and water from the blood on its own.
Peritoneal dialysis is a treatment option that replaces this crucial function. This treatment routine can be performed from home, giving patients more independence and flexibility.
Peritoneal dialysis offers several benefits, including:
- Continuous waste removal: This treatment allows for the continuous removal of waste products from the blood, which can help patients feel more energetic and focused throughout the day.
- Better fluid balance: Peritoneal dialysis helps manage fluid balance, reducing swelling and discomfort.
- Preservation of residual kidney function: This treatment can help preserve the kidneys’ remaining function, leading to better overall health.
- Improved electrolyte levels: Peritoneal dialysis provides better electrolyte levels and acid-base balance control, which is essential for maintaining proper bodily functions.
Who it’s for
Peritoneal dialysis is a treatment option suitable for individuals with end-stage renal disease who require kidney replacement therapy and don’t have severe abdominal issues or previous surgeries affecting the peritoneum.
This at-home treatment provides scheduling and location flexibility, granting individuals greater control over their lives. Those prioritizing independence in managing their dialysis might find peritoneal dialysis attractive.
Those with residual kidney function might benefit more from peritoneal dialysis, which tends to preserve this function longer than hemodialysis.
The gentler method of waste removal and fluid balance management in peritoneal dialysis may be advantageous for those with diabetes or other chronic conditions contributing to kidney failure.
To succeed with peritoneal dialysis, individuals must be motivated and capable of receiving training to perform exchanges and maintain proper catheter care.
Minimizing the risk of complications: By taking an active role in their treatment, individuals can enjoy the benefits of peritoneal dialysis while confidently managing their kidney failure.
With the right mindset and training, individuals can thrive on peritoneal dialysis.
Risks
Like every treatment option, peritoneal dialysis has unique challenges. Considering this treatment, you must be aware of the potential risks involved. One of the most significant risks is peritonitis, an infection of the abdominal lining that can occur in a substantial percentage of patients annually.
Risks to consider:
- Infections: Catheter site infections can arise in some patients within the first year of treatment.
- Hernias: Fluid in the abdomen and pressure changes can increase the risk of hernias, which occur in a percentage of peritoneal dialysis patients over time.
- Weight gain: The absorption of dextrose from the dialysis solution can lead to weight gain, which affects a substantial percentage of patients during treatment.
- Complications: Over time, complications can decrease dialysis effectiveness, necessitating a change to other forms of dialysis in a significant percentage of patients.
It is crucial to weigh these risks against the benefits of peritoneal dialysis. Discussing concerns with a healthcare team can help determine whether this treatment is suitable.
How you prepare
Before starting peritoneal dialysis, preparations are necessary to ensure a smooth transition into this treatment.
The process begins with the surgical placement of a catheter in the abdomen, which requires a healing period of 10 to 20 days. During this time, training is provided on the dialysis procedure, including proper catheter care and infection prevention techniques.
The necessary supplies, such as dialysis solution and transfer sets, are provided, and instructions are given on organizing them in a designated area to maintain a sterile environment.
Preparing for exchanges requires a clean, private location. This space should be tailored to the individual’s needs, with ample storage for supplies and easy access to a sterile environment.
Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor the effectiveness of dialysis and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
Active preparation and participation in care empower individuals to manage their treatment and prevent infections, paving the way for a successful peritoneal dialysis experience.
What you can expect
Now that you’re prepared to start peritoneal dialysis, you’re likely wondering what to expect from the treatment itself. You’ll perform 4 to 6 exchanges daily, each taking approximately 30 to 40 minutes. This flexibility in your daily routine allows you to adjust the schedule to suit your needs.
Key aspects to anticipate during peritoneal dialysis include:
- Sensation of fullness: A sensation of fullness or slight abdominal enlargement due to the dialysate is familiar, but pain shouldn’t be experienced.
- Training and support: Training will be provided to learn proper catheter care and infection prevention. Family or friends may be involved for support.
- Dietary adjustments: To accommodate the dialysis process, changes to the diet will be necessary, including increased protein intake and monitoring of sodium and phosphorus levels.
- Regular monitoring: Regular blood tests and assessments of used dialysate will be essential to monitor the effectiveness of the dialysis treatment and adjust the schedule or diet as needed.
Results
Peritoneal dialysis has been shown to have similar survival rates to hemodialysis, with 5-year survival rates ranging from 70% to 80%; this suggests that patients can feel confident in their treatment choices.
Consistent monthly blood tests and analysis of the dialysate ensure proper waste removal and enable adjustments to enhance treatment effectiveness. Following dietary guidelines, including a high protein and low sodium intake, greatly influences treatment success and overall health outcomes.
Peritoneal dialysis has been shown to maintain residual kidney function for longer than hemodialysis, leading to better quality of life and fewer complications. When managed properly, patients can enjoy enhanced quality of life and better health outcomes.
As a treatment option, peritoneal dialysis is utilized by approximately 10% of dialysis patients worldwide, making it a viable alternative to hemodialysis. Patients undergoing this treatment can expect to have their progress closely monitored, and by working together with their healthcare team, they can make informed decisions to optimize their treatment and overall well-being.
